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Factors for the growth of nationalism in Mozambique.

Answer Text:
Factors for the growth of nationalism in Mozambique.
(a) The arbitrary replacement of the traditional rulers by the Portuguese administrators whenever they felt they were not performing.
(b) The massive alienation of African land by the Portuguese who pushed Africans to regions of unfavourable conditions.
(c) The exposure of Africans to severe economic exploitation like forced labour where the labourers faced mistreatment.
(d) The rampant racial discrimination through which Africans continued to lose agricultural land to the Europeans.
- Being from a poor country, the Europeans competed with Africans for simple jobs like taxi deriving and often gaining advantage on racial lines.
(e) The Portuguese imposed many restrictions on Africans, limiting their freedom of expression and intellectual advancement.
- For example, General Salazar, who rose to power in the 1920s, ensured strict censorship of the press.
(f) The security police treated Africans with great cruelty. Any political unrest was crushed ruthlessly.