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In this lesson we are going to discuss about what springs are and different ways in which they are formed

Answer Text:
Springs
Place where water flows out naturally onto the earth’s surface along a slope.
Ways/Modes Formation
a) Hillside Spring

- Type formed where a permeable rock lies above an impermeable one on a hill and water comes out at the junction of those two rock layers.
b) Dyke Spring
- Type formed where an igneous dyke cuts across a layer of permeable rock.
- Ground water on the upslope side is trapped causing water table on that side to rises.
- A spring develops where the water table is exposed on the surface.
c) Vauclusian Spring
- Type formed on a limestone hill or escarpment overlying an impermeable layer.
- Limestone rock becomes saturated with water.
- Water comes out of the ground where water table appears on the surface.

d) Valley Spring
- Type formed where water table intersects the surface along the side of the valley.

- Saucer shaped depression consisting of a layer of permeable rock sandwiched between two impermeable rocks and the whole system forms a
syncline.
Characteristics
a) One or both ends are exposed on the surface on a rainy area or beneath a lake.
b) Water enters at the exposed end or ends.
c) With time the permeable rock is saturated with water and becomes an aquifer e.g. between Chad and Egypt across
Quattara depression.