Meaning, Types and characteristics of Equilibrium systems
Answer Text: Equilibrium:- Is the state at which the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction.Types of equilibrium:Static equilibrium:- refers to a situation when two opposing forces balance each other and whatever was happening before comes to a standstill.Dynamic equilibrium:- Refers to a situation when two opposing processes, the forward and reverse, continue taking place but at the same rate.- The equilibrium is said to be dynamic and this state of balance can be reached from either direction.Examples:#Fe(s)+4H_2O overset(leftarrow)(rightarrow)Fe_3O_4(s)+4H_2(g)#- The Equilibrium state here is established when:-Either steam is passed over heated iron in a closed container; or-When hydrogen is passed over heated iron oxide;Characteristics of equilibrium systems.(i) The concentrations of reactants and products do not change after the equilibrium has been reached unless the system is disturbed.Note:- Observable properties of reactants or products such as colour, mass, volume, PH, temperature etc can be used to detect whether a system is in equilibrium or not.Examples:(ii). The equilibrium can be reached from either direction.(iii). All the reactants and products are present in the system.
Get premium membership