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(a) Explain how doping producers an n-type semiconductor for a pure conductor material.
(b) Figure 5 shows the circuit of a rectifier using four diodes #D_1, D_2, D_3 and D_4#.
(i) Explain how a rectified output is
produced from the set up when an a.c input is connected across AB.
(ii) On the axis provided, sketch the graph of output voltage against time for rectifier.
(iii) A capacitor is now connected across XY. Explain the effect of the capacitor on the output.