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Iron is obtained from haematite using a blast furnace shown in figure 5 below.
(a) Four raw materials are required for the production of iron. Three of these are iron oxide, hot air and limestone. Give the name of fourth raw material.
(b) Write an equation for the reaction in which carbon (IV) oxide is converted into carbon (II) oxide.
(c) Explain why temperature in the region marked Y is higher than that of the incoming hot air.
(d) State one physical property of molten slag other than density that allows it to be separated from molten iron as shown in figure 5
(e) One of the components of the waste gases is nitrogen (IV) oxide.
Describe the adverse effects it has on the environment.
(f) Iron from the blast furnace contain about 5% carbon
(i) Describe how carbon content is reduced.
(ii) Why it necessary to reduce the carbon content?